General & Administrative-costs cannot reasonably be associated with any particular product or service produced (overhead). These costs would remain the same no matter what output the activity produced. An example would be salaries of personnel in purchasing department, depreciation on equipment, and plant security. In the next step the results of analyzing activities and the gathered organizational inputs and costs are brought together, which produces the total input cost for

GFOA (Government Financial Officers Association) publishes criteria for awards that it uses as a means of enticing government agencies and their financial officers to improve the caliber of financial reports. In the private sector, consistency and usefulness in financial statements is enforced through different accounting standards that are set by a body and to which all publicly-traded companies must adhere. There is no government equivalent with respect to financial reporting.

Activity-Based Costing in a Service-Based Organization Activity-Based Costing operates on the conventional approach and applies a two-stage allocation instruction and other cost drivers. First, the system identifies the important activities and overhead costs assigned to each activity in proportion to the resources used. Consequently, for each of these cost pools, cost drivers are identified. Secondly, the assumed overhead cost driver is assigned proportionally to the final outputs of the cost

budgets of any major size will get most, but not necessarily all, of their money from taxpayers of several many sorts but the main goal of the agencies regardless of size and structure is to provide basic and needed services to the area they serve, whatever and wherever that may be. While all budgets are quite similar in one form or another, they are all different in their own ways

Federal Budget surplus by focusing on the three consecutive years of surplus budgets achieved by the Clinton Administration after nearly fifty years during the last three years towards the end of the second term of President Clinton and his administration from 1998 to 2000. President made public the new White House budget figures that expect a surplus of $39 billion for the fiscal year 1998 and a $150 billion surplus

budget components (Policy Document, Financial Plan, Operating Plan, Communications Device), rank them in order of importance in your opinion and justify your rank order. Rank 1: Policy Document: The Policy Document is synonymous with a Budget Document. The budget document can be a line item detailed listing of every expenditure for every department within the government operation. The document conveys the policies and procedures of the administration and outlines its